Tuesday, October 13, 2015

Wiki Page: Intellectual Disabilities

Intellectual Disabilities are defined by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) as “significantly sub-average general intellectual functioning, existing concurrently [at the same time] with deficits in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.” 

Common Traits

  • IQ below 70 to 75 
  • Deficits in "adaptive behavior" 
  • Lack of skills necessary for daily living
The federal government enacted legislation changing the term mental retardation to intellectual disabilities in 2012.

Indicators

  • Lack of or slow development of motor skills, language skills, and self-help skills, especially when compared to peers
  • Failure to grow intellectually or continued infant-like behavior
  • Lack of curiosity
  • Problems keeping up in school
  • Failure to adapt (adjust to new situations)
  • Difficulty understanding and following social rules
  • Trouble comprehending accepted social behaviors and/or understanding the consequences to actions


Accommodations change how a student learns the material. A modification changes what a student is taught or expected to learn.

Accommodation Examples
  • Learning content from audio-books, movies, videos, and digital media instead of printed versions
  • Record a lesson instead of taking notes
  • Use a calculator or a math facts table
  • Seating a student where he/she learns best
Modification Examples
  • Complete fewer or different homework problems than peers
  • Learn different material (like continuing on a certain subject while the other students move on)
  • Be graded or assessed using different standard than those for the others
Further Reading
  • https://www.understood.org/en/learning-attention-issues/treatments-approaches/educational-strategies/common-modifications-and-accommodations
  • https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001523.htm
  • http://www.parentcenterhub.org/repository/intellectual/
  • http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/intellectual_disability

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